ZNU goes Zero is an initiative of the ZNU - Centre for Sustainable Leadership at the University Witten/Herdecke which deals with responsible climate protection.

Together with as many of its partners as possible, the ZNU has set the goal of achieving carbon neutral operations at their German locations by the end of 2022 at the latest. In order to make an additional contribution to stay within earth’s planetary boundaries, the partners will not only avoid, reduce and compensate greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), but also switch to green electricity and support additional projects according to the motto “Trees, Soil and/or Education”.

The ZNU aims at identifying solutions for the ZNU partners to act responsibly in terms of climate protection. In this process, the ZNU wants to work participatorily and cooperatively together with their partners who are genuinely and credibly dedicated to the topic of climate protection. By participating in ZNU goes Zero, the companies automatically fulfil the requirements of the “Initiative Allianz für Klima und Entwicklung (BMZ)” (Alliance for Climate and Development initiative). The ZNU is a member of this initiative since 2019 and recommends the participants of ZNU goes Zero to also register there (https://allianz-entwicklung-klima.de). Furthermore, ZNU goes Zero is also compatible with the Science Based Target Initiative (https://sciencebasedtargets.org).

We want to lead the way in terms of climate protection and demonstrate politicians concrete approaches for how holistic climate protection can be implemented, especially in SMEs. We are of course open to cooperative approaches with politics – climate protection is after all a collective process of all social actors!

In its role as quality assurer, ZNU ensures that all companies participating in ZNU goes Zero implement responsible climate protection in five steps. The fulfilment of each step is checked by the ZNU by means of a data collection sheet, which the participating ZNU partners complete annually. The collected data is documented separately on an internal database and confidentially handled.

For each step, the ZNU defines verifiable measures and criteria:

• Step 1 requires a climate assessment of the corporate footprint according to the GHG Protocol or DIN ISO 1464.
• Step 2 requests the documentation of concrete reduction potentials to avoid and reduce GHG emissions and provide evidence of these by giving concrete examples. The participants have to set ambitious targets and action plans for the reduction of CO2, which are reviewed annually based on a data collection sheet and via the audit for the ZNU-Standard – Driving Sustainable Change.
• Step 3 includes that the companies use green electricity which must be verified by green electricity certificates and quality seals. A detailed description of the ZNU criteria can be found in the ZNU guide "Green Electricity" (Ökostrom). The ZNU provides support in checking the relevant certificates in advance.
• Step 4’s net carbon neutrality is based on the regulations of internationally recognised standards, which are also recommended by the Umweltbundesamt (Federal Environment Agency). These include, among others, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the UN, the Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) and the Gold Standard. More information on these and other standards can be found in the associated ZNU goes Zero guide "Net Carbon Neutrality and CARBON NEUTRALITY+". The ZNU provides support in advance in checking the relevant certificates or decommissioning protocols.
• Step 5 comprises CARBON NEUTRALITY+ which stands for the additional commitment of ZNU partners to support projects which build up biomass or improve education. This commitment, which exceeds the requirements for net carbon neutrality, is a particular feature of the ZNU goes Zero initiative. Which projects are to be recognised here and to what extent will be examined individually by the ZNU.

ZNU goes Zero distinguish itself from other programs in Step 2, 3, and especially in Step 5. For instance, Step 2 requires proof of avoidance and reduction measures based on concrete examples and reduction targets in percentages. In Step 3, only the use of "good" green electricity is taken into account. Step 5, CARBON NEUTRALITIY+, goes beyond "mere" compensation using certificates because it calls for the additional commitment of building up biomass, for example by planting trees or humus projects, as well as supporting educational development measures.

The process towards corporate carbon neutrality must first and foremost focus on the emissions caused by the company itself. This ensures that the company's footprint is actually reduced through methods and measures of greenhouse gas avoidance and reduction. Hence, all participating companies demonstrate a comparable level which allows communication of the successes of the initiative.  Only then should the consideration and avoidance be extended to include Scope 3 emissions and thus to the upstream or downstream supply chain.

The ZNU is aware of the importance of considering the whole supply chain. Therefore, it will add Scope 3 criteria step-by-step to the process, with initial focus on the Scope 3 criteria that can be directly influenced by the company.

The ZNU-Standard Driving Sustainable Change requires under category "Climate":

• “The company works systematically on effective climate protection both at the corporate and local level as well as along the value chain.
  In order to avoid and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, they are systematically recorded, documented and evaluated at least at the company level. Based on international standards (GHG Protocol, ISO 14064), at least all emissions that fall under Scope 1 and 2 of the GHG Protocol are recorded. The aim is to use as much primary data as possible in the process.”

By participating in the initiative ZNU goes Zero the requirement "Climate II.1." of the ZNU-Standard Driving Sustainable Change is therefore fulfilled.

The requirements of the ZNU-Standard Driving Sustainable Change apply to all locations of the certified partners and also address the for the company relevant sustainability issues along the supply chain. The ZNU-Standard is a management system standard and not a product standard. This also applies to ZNU goes Zero where the focus is laid on the corporate level as well, i.e. everyone is responsible for greater sustainability and climate protection at their own company location and then gradually expands their range of responsibility.

A continuously updated overview of the participating companies can be found on our homepage, ZNU goes Zero - Participants.

The main goal of ZNU goes Zero is, for as many of the partner companies as possible, to have carbon neutral production sites at their German locations by the end of 2022 at the latest (Scope 1 and 2). The ZNU would like to win over as many partners as possible for the initiative, but it is not an obligation to participate – in contrast to implementing the ZNU-Standard Driving Sustainable Change.

In order to achieve net carbon neutral operations at all of the German locations of our partners, ZNU goes Zero requires the partners to go through a five-step procedure. First, the site-specific GHG emissions are recorded. This is done in compliance with internationally recognised standards, such as the Greenhouse Gas Protocol (GHG). The aim of the second step is to avoid or reduce the company’s GHG emissions through specific measures. The partners are asked to set concrete percentage reduction targets. This entails raising awareness in employees, optimizing processes, and implementing other company- and sector-specific measures to increase the energy efficiency which are then made transparent to the ZNU by means of examples. Verifications are possible via the ZNU-Standard Driving Sustainable Change, EMAS, ISO 50001 or ISO 14001. The third step requires the use of certified green electricity. If all measures to increase energy efficiency have been implemented, the remaining unavoidable GHG-emissions should be offset via the purchase of verified emission certificates in the fourth step. In the last step encompasses building up biomass as well as educating people on climate relevant topi. This additional requirement for net carbon neutrality is a unique feature of the initiative ZNU goes Zero.

Currently and in the foreseeable future, it is not possible to completely avoid all CO2 emissions at the sites of a company. If the unavoidable CO2 emissions are offset through the purchase of certificates, we speak of “net carbon neutrality”.

CARBON NEUTRALITY+ stands for climate protection that goes beyond net carbon neutrality by creating additional biomass to bind CO2 as well as putting educational measures into practice. Projects that can be included are for instance reforestation- or humus projects.

No. ZNU goes Zero refers to the GHG emissions at the locations of the company, where pragmatic and immediate measures can be implemented. The carbon neutrality does not include the individual products. Cooperative climate protection along the value chain remains a central topic for the ZNU, which will soon be addressed.

Through the application of a step-by-step approach, reduction potentials are successively identified, reduced, and avoided. Proof for each of these steps must be provided to the ZNU annually via a data collection sheet and is checked in detail by the ZNU. The focus of ZNU goes Zero is on the first two steps (identification and reduction), before the reduction potentials of green electricity, offsetting, and building up of biomass and implementing educational projects take effect. This means that there is no “sale of indulgences” because targets and measures to reduce and avoid emissions must first be set and implemented before the unavoidable emissions can be compensated.

Especially Step 5 CARBON NEUTRALITY+ goes beyond regular market-based strategies by initiating climate protecting projects even after net carbon neutrality is reached to further refute the accusation of greenwashing.

Since the beginning of 2021, arable land and pastures are part of the German emissions inventory. Therefore, no compensation certificates can be purchased from German afforestation or forest protection projects because the emission saving of these projects are reflected in the overall German emission balance but cannot be used for offsetting by individual companies.

Excluded from this are peatlands, for which carbon offsetting certificates can be issued in Germany.

In addition to the semi-annually working group “ZNU goes Zero – emissions”, a consultation session will take place on a regular basis from 2021 onwards. The aim is to provide a continuous update on the developments of the initiative and the cooperation with the offset partners. The ZNU acts as a link between the partner network and the offset partners, such as Plant-for-the-planet.

The reduction of CO2 emissions is a process that consists of many individual steps and projects. Within the ZNU network, there are many positive examples that demonstrate reduction efforts in an impressive way. It is important for the ZNU to document these "minimisation successes" internally as well as externally.

The participating companies document their progress annually using the ZNU goes Zero recoding sheet. This data is stored, checked, and aggregated on a data base by the ZNU which anonymised results can then be used internally and externally for communication purposes (without naming specific companies).

Due to the collection of data and concrete examples, it is possible to point out further points of improvement to partner companies and thus learn from each other.

Especially the documentation of the measures that are taken to reduce the emissions contribute to the success of ZNU goes Zero: By deriving the most successful examples of CO2e reduction efforts, benchmarks, and projects such as tree planting, the success of the initiative can be measured and credibly communicated.

The results are presented anonymously by the ZNU (without naming specific company names) on a regular basis, for instance at the annual ZNU conference or at ZNU working groups.

We greatly appreciate the longstanding cooperation with the initiative Plant-for-the-Planet and currently assume that the allegations will be quickly clarified and completely rebutted by Plant-for-the-Planet. Nevertheless, the ZNU reserves the right to immediately dissolve the business relationship with Plant-for-the-Planet if there are doubts about the implementation of the measures mentioned and if the criticism expressed in the “Zeit” report was confirmed. The ZNU would remove Plant-for-the-Planet as provider for Step 4 and 5 and would recommend alternative cooperation partners for the ZNU goes Zero initiative.

The ZNU is currently in dialogue with various ministries, associations, trading companies and other initiatives, such as the Alliance for Climate and Development, in order to make the ZNU standard and the climate protection initiative better known. A milestone was certainly the acknowledgment of the ZNU Standard and ZNU goes Zero by Minister Müller at the ZNU Conference 2019. The ZNU informs about ongoing activities during working groups and consultation hours that take place regularly during the year as well as in the ZNU newsletter.

The prerequisite for participation in ZNU goes Zero is a partnership with the ZNU. In the future, however, the ZNU will make its know-how available to all interested parties in the sense of a transformational process and invites them to follow suit.

Step by step, we want to inspire as many ZNU partners in the network as possible to participate in ZNU goes Zero. Furthermore, we will approach other actors - such as politicians - in order to strengthen social awareness for climate protection and existing initiatives. In addition, we are in the process of identifying other providers of compensation measures besides Plant-for-the-Planet and recruiting them for ZNU goes Zero - the providers should be committed to the motto "education, soil and/or trees".

The application-oriented research institute in the Faculty of Economics and Society at the University Witten/Herdecke was founded in 2008 by Dr. Axel Kölle and Dr. Christian Geßner. The ZNU currently employs 15 people.

Our mission is to make sustainability tangible and to inspire people for the opportunities of sustainable business management. The focus lies on research and education, training of managers and the organisation of working groups and conferences.

The ZNU has developed and established the ZNU-Standard Driving Sustainable Change, which helps companies to become more sustainable step by step. The Standard is the only field-tested and externally certifiable standard for sustainable management that integrates all three dimensions of environment, economy and social as well as requires and promotes the development of an integrated sustainable management system.

The ZNU network consists of approx. 100 partner companies, most of which are medium-sized companies from the areas of manufacturers, service providers, retailers, media and other networks from business and science. The focus is on the food / FMCG (fast moving consumer goods) sector.

The ZNU - Centre for Sustainable Leadership is part of the Faculty of Business and Society in the Department of Management and Entrepreneurship at the private University Witten/Herdecke.

The ZNU is primarily financed by its partner network, which contributes with its members to a more sustainable economy. Other sources of income are public research funding, as well as events such as management trainings and the annual ZNU Future Conference.

The ZNU Advisory Board is made up of high-ranking representatives of the partner companies. The advisory board's main task is to provide the ZNU with ongoing impulses regarding the practical relevance and feasibility of the scientifically developed solutions. A list of the advisory board members can be found at: https://www.mehrwert-nachhaltigkeit.de/das-znu/beirat.

The University Witten/Herdecke (UW/H) has played a pioneering role in the German educational landscape since its foundation in 1982: As a model university with over 2,700 students in the fields of health, business and culture, the UW/H stands for a reform of the classical alma mater. At UW/H, imparting knowledge always goes hand in hand with value orientation and personal development.

The ZNU - Centre for Sustainable Leadership is an application-oriented research institute within the Faculty of Business and Society. As a sustainability initiative of business and science, the ZNU works in the areas of research, education, training, and conferences to make sustainability tangible for managers now and in the future. It wants to fascinate them for the opportunities of sustainable business management under the motto: driving sustainable change.

To document the change towards sustainable business management and to accompany companies step by step in their transition to sustainable practices, the ZNU-Standard Driving Sustainable Change was developed in 2013. It is the only field-tested and certifiable standard for sustainable management in Germany that integrates not only the sustainable management system but also the three pillars of sustainability: environment, economy and social. The certification promotes and demands the development of an such an integrated system. The internationally applicable revised version was further developed in 2018 by taking into account the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations and through a comprehensive stakeholder dialogue (including trade, manufacturers, science, NGOs and politics). Since then, many companies from the partner network and beyond have been certified according to the ZNU Standard – Driving Sustainable Change.

Further information on: ZNU-Standard

Since the start of the initiative in 2007 and the establishment of Plant-for-the-Planet Foundation in 2011, the development of the program work, actions in public relations, and how they have used the donations in the last 13 years can be found in a chronological order here: https://a.plant-for-the-planet.org/faq.

Yes, Plant-for-the-Planet plants a tree for every euro invested. 100% of that euro goes to Plant-for-the-Planet A.C. in Mexico and into the reforestation project. This euro includes everything needed to plant a tree and to care for it over several years until it is strong enough to continue growing on its own.

Plant-for-the-Planet records the seedlings delivered from the nursery to the reforestation areas and the planted trees during the planting period in daily logs since 01.01.2016. These are signed daily by two staff members.  At the end of each planting season, the number of newly planted trees is sent to CONAFOR, the Mexican forestry department, which confirms them. In 2018, CONAFOR's budget was cut so they could no longer provide these confirmations.

On 29 January 2021, the Mexican auditing company "CETINA & JIMENEZ, S.C., ASESORES CORPORATIVOS & TRIBUTARIOS" confirmed that 6,112,626 trees had been planted.

This audit certificate was issued in advance because it became apparent on 5 January 2021 that the audit results issued by the international auditing company Pricewaterhouse-Coopers (PwC) in Mexico would take more time. PwC has been commissioned to prepare an assessment to verify and certify Plant-for-the-Planet's statement:

• "For every euro that Plant-for-the-Planet Foundation Germany sends to Plant-for-the-Planet A.C. Mexico for reforestation in Constitución, a seedling has been planted and cared for by our employees in Mexico".

PwC will check all delivery notes documenting the transport of the seedlings from the nursery to one of the reforestation areas. PwC will talk to the employees who have been keeping signed daily logs of each of the 6,332,664 seedlings planted since 8 March 2015.

In addition, the annual financial statements of Plant-for-the-Planet A.C. Mexico from 2016 to 2019 are to be audited. The PwC auditors do not want to set an exact date due to the ongoing restrictions and the associated working conditions caused by the COVID 19 pandemic.

In future, there will be regular audits by external auditors of the annual financial statements and of the recorded numbers of trees of the plantations from 2021 onwards.

In addition, an independent expert and transparency board (Reforestation Supervision Expert Board) will be installed, which will begin its work in the first half of 2021 and which should permanently remove any doubts about the work of the foundation. Among other things, the board will take over the annual planning and reporting.

Satellite images have only limited informative value. They do not show whether a forest is intact, but only provide information about if "something" is growing. If a former forest area was cleared 20 years ago and then left to its own devices, a thin secondary vegetation has developed there. Plants of this vegetation type are mostly fast-growing species, including invasive species, grasses and shrubs. However, these pioneer species are not equivalent to "forested area".

From July 2021, the Tree Mapper App (monitoring app) will be used for the first time for the donors of the SAT1 Forest Record Week: https://epaper.media/sat1/waldrekord-woche/

The viewer donates € 5 for 5 trees in Constitución via SMS and receives the message:

"The five trees that you donated on XX have been planted today, XX XX 2021, within these X/Y coordinates."

Plant-for-the-Planet plants its trees on the Yucatán Peninsula, in the state of Campeche, Mexico, where it employs over 100 permanent reforestation and nursery workers. All employees come from this region. Since 2020, Plant-for-the-Planet has also permanently employed several ecologists. Their task is to coordinate the growth of biomass and thus the CO2 sequestration in an ecologically viable way.

Plant-for-the-Planet states that each tree in Latin America absorbs 200 kg of CO2 during its lifetime. This is backed up by numerous scientific studies. One study on enrichment planting in Panama even estimated 295 kg CO2.

Half of the biomass of a forest is concentrated in 5% of the trees. A gum tree reaches a height of 35 metres and a trunk diameter of 80 cm after 50 years and can therefore store 4,300 kg of CO2.

A survival rate of 12% results in 500 kg CO2 / tree. Only half of the biomass is considered in the process. Due to the fact that the trees are well cared for, ZNU partners can assume that their trees bind 500 kg of CO2 per tree. 

Forests buy humanity time. More specific: one trillion trees, under protection, could postpone global warming 15-18 years into the future.

Due to natural disasters (fire, storm, flood, drought, insect infestation) Plant-for-the-Planet recommends the purchase of an additional CO2 certificate, i.e. CO2 certificates plus biomass (forests).

Plant-for-the-Planet is confident that, despite the inevitable increase in natural disasters, a survival rate of well over 12% will be achieved in the long term. In the first years, Plant-for-the-Planet has already achieved an above-average survival rate because of the manual care.

Timber extraction does currently not play a role in Plant-for-the-Planet's reforestation strategy anymore. When Plant-for-the-Planet planted the first tree in 2015, the foundation kept this option open. In 2019, the goal for the reforestation in Mexico was defined as achieving the sequestration of CO2 in an ecologically viable restored forest. It is important to know that tropical forests reach the peak of their carbon sequestration capacity after a few decades. After that, the forest absorbs little additional carbon. It may therefore make sense to selectively harvest individual trees in the future to allow other trees to grow further. A forest managed in this way will always remain close to its maximum carbon storage capacity while financing further reforestation projects. Whether Plant-for-the-Planet will ever harvest a tree in the restored forests, however, is not clear at this point. As background information for those interested in why it can make sense to use wood in solving the climate crisis, Plant-for-the-Planet recommends a report by David Roberts.

If trees were harvested in the future, to keep the forest healthy and to sell the wood, any proceeds generated would go to the two non-profit organisations Plant-for-the-Planet A.C., Mexico, and Plant-for-the-Planet Foundation, Germany. Both are bound by their purpose to spend any income on the foundation's objectives, i.e. further reforestation, education and science.

When selecting the trees that are to be planted, it is crucial that they are native tree species that are also typical for the surrounding still intact forests. Therefore, only trees that have always been present in the region are planted. Among them are many valuable timbers, especially the species Cedrela odorada, Swietenia macrophylla and Tabebuia rosea. This is on the downside also the reason why there is so much has been illegally deforestation in this region. However, it would be a wrong choice to consequently not plant such trees because they are part of the natural ecosystem of the Yucatán Peninsula. You can find out which specific tree species will be planted in the Plant-for-the-Planet planting report (2019): https://a.plant-for-the-planet.org/annual-reports/. 

From 2021 onwards, additional tree species will be added in favour of ecological diversity; in total, around twenty native species are to be planted in 2021.

In total, Plant-for-the-Planet wants to reforest 100 million trees in Mexico by 2030. In addition to the self-managed reforestation project in the state of Campeche, there are also areas which are neither owned nor possessed by Plant-for-the-Planet. A team of ecologists examines such areas, both state and communal ("ejidal"), as well as in some cases areas belonging to small-holder farmers, under the premise that the trees are cared for and protected, and then recommends individual planting strategies. The owners of these areas then decide whether they accept the specific conditions.  The areas are thus continuously expanded. Of the areas already owned or possessed by Plant-for-the Planet Mexico A.C. - an area roughly equivalent to the size of Liechtenstein - only a small part has been fully restored to this day. Therefore, Plant-for-the-Planet has enough space now, as well as in the future, to plant 100 million trees by 2030.

In the state of Campeche, where the work of Plant-for-the-Planet takes place, 8.1% of the original forest has been lost since 2002. 

The Mexican Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources itself complains in its 'Vision of the New Secretariat of Environment and Natural Resources’ from the summer of 2020: "The destruction of forest habitats and their species has not stopped in the last two decades". 

The fact that clearing still takes place on the Yucatán Peninsula is beyond the control of Plant-for-the-Planet and can even harm Plant-for-the-Planet in the worst case. In 2020, a neighbour who was clearing large areas on his property violated the boundary lines and also illegally encroached on the Las Américas 2 foundation property, which is part of Plant-for-the-Planet's reforestation. Unfortunately, border violations occur frequently in this region. Plant-for-the-Planet is negotiating with the neighbour to compensate for the 20 hectares of destroyed land. Plant-for-the-Planet is also not exempted from forest fires. In April 2018, a fire spread from a neighbouring property to the north western part of the Las Americas 1 reforestation area. This fire destroyed 94 hectares of forest (approximately 103,000 trees). The area was reforested in 2019. It was not possible to determine whether the fire on the neighbouring property was caused by deliberate slash-and-burn activities. Plant-for-the-Planet employees live in the immediate vicinity of our reforestation areas, hence illegal clearings should not remain undetected for long, but they cannot be completely prevented.

Plant-for-the-Planet plants the trees on the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, on land owned by Plant-for-the-Planet's Mexican sister organisation. The trees grow about two to four times faster in tropical countries than in Germany and thus absorb larger amounts of CO2 more quickly. In addition, trees create jobs in these countries in the long term. Moreover, a tree in Mexico costs about one tenth of the price of a tree in Germany. Every euro invested in reforestation in the countries of the South brings an estimated additional benefit of up to 10 euros for the local people. Our employees are trained and work under reliable conditions with above-average wages and social benefits for the region. In addition, reforestation combats drought, desertification and erosion in these countries.

Plant-for-the-Planet plants trees mainly in tropical countries for various reasons (ref. Q39). Reforestation projects in the Global South have a greater impact on the climate and also bring valuable co-benefits for local people. At Plant-for-the-Planet Academies, children around the world are trained to become ambassadors for climate justice. At these one-day workshops, most of which take place in Germany, the children also plant trees. Our partners are welcome to contact Plant-for-the-Planet if they are interested in an academy with a planting event at their location. External costs, e.g. for the seedlings, have to be covered. The Plant-for-the-Planet Secretariat supports - together with its large network of partners from the forestry sector - the organisation of such an academy. It is also possible to invite an ambassador to give an emotional speech at a company event with a planting initiative.